Shugaba, Fatima Aliyu, Usman Ullah Sheikh, Mohd Afzan Othman, Nurulaqilla Khamis, and Muhammad Habibullah Abdulfattah. 2025. “Enhancing Contextual Arabic Handwritten Characters Recognition With CNNs: A Comparative Study on Augmentation Strategies and Dataset Scaling”. ELEKTRIKA- Journal of Electrical Engineering 24 (3):337-43. https://doi.org/10.11113/elektrika.v24n3.739.